The Battle over Knowledge: Multinationals, Diffusion, and Governance

2026

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This paper examines how multinational corporations (MNCs) drive global knowledge creation and diffusion, and the resulting geopolitical implications and governance challenges.

* Explores the three types of knowledge (codified, tacit, and organizational) and their distinct transmission channels and governability.
* Analyzes how MNCs act as both producers and diffusers of knowledge, shaping innovation landscapes and potentially enhancing rival states' strategic capabilities.
* Reviews the emerging governance regime, including export controls, investment screening, and industrial policy, and evaluates their effectiveness and unintended consequences.

Tags: Multinational corporations, knowledge diffusion, geopolitical externality, governance, technology transfer

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