Thinking—Fast, Slow, and Artificial: How AI is Reshaping Human Reasoning and the Rise of Cognitive Surrender

2026

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AI-generated summary

This paper introduces "Tri-System Theory" to explain how artificial intelligence is fundamentally altering human reasoning and decision-making processes.

* Explores the concept of "cognitive surrender," where individuals uncritically adopt AI outputs.
* Presents empirical evidence from three experiments demonstrating cognitive surrender and its moderators.
* Proposes a new cognitive framework that includes AI as a third system alongside intuition and deliberation.

Tags: AI, cognitive surrender, human reasoning, decision-making, Tri-System Theory

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